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《别老母》原文翻译及赏析_作者黄景仁
搴帷拜母河梁去，白发愁看泪眼枯。
惨惨柴门风雪夜，此时有子不如无。 　　诗的第一句“搴帷拜母河梁去”，即掀开门帘，告诉老母，儿就要起程动身了。但因为是游幕谋生，（游幕是指旧时知识分子离开本乡到外地寻求教学或投向官府求职）这种告别是无一定目的的，所以只能说河梁去。一方面是老母难离，另一方面因生活所迫又不得不离，这种既难舍又无奈情景，暗示了作者极为痛苦的心情。诗的第二句“白发愁看泪眼枯”在即将告别老母外出的时候，作者没有直抒胸臆，表达对老母难分难舍的情感，而是著笔于老母此时的情状：白发苍苍，愁容满面，凄切悲凉，欲哭无泪。还容得着说吗？一切伤心，都隐藏在老母的这张面孔之中，离不得舍不得，却不得不离，不得不舍。这种情感的磨难，真令人寸肠欲断，撕肝裂肺。至此，谁能不为之动容呢？诗的第三句“惨惨柴门风雪夜”，转入了告别老母的时空环境，作者用“柴门”“风雪夜”两个最简单的词儿，极其概括典型地告诉人们，在那种环境下，一个不能掌握自己命运的人的凄楚难熬。作者在另外的地方也有过贫穷潦倒的描述，如“全家都在秋风里，九月衣裳未剪裁”，如果说那还只是一种对贫愁的感叹，那末“柴门”“风雪夜”则是此时此地，此情此景了。风雪因柴门而更为肆虐，柴门因风雪而更为难忍，此时向老母告别，除了“惨惨”还有什么可说呢？最后，作者集愧疚，自责，痛恨于一身，发出了“此时有子不如无”的感慨。这种感慨是极为凝重的，它已经不是一般意义上的爱母之心，恋母之情，而变成了对那个时代的正义控诉，对所有无依，无靠，无助老者的深切同情，对天下不孝子女的严厉谴责，这是由个人情感到整体理念的升华，它从生育学角度告诫世人，养子无用，不如不养。因此，《别老母》诗，比起那些爱母，敬母的直描作品，更具感染力和普遍性。成为爱母作品中不朽的绝唱。
彩士谏弛夜谧改促艘疗练账才纳紫斩辛由硕凑姿寡垢职由碳牙胺敬勤灼城勇蓝惩文志蜕偃讲辖琅衷捕厣路笆本阎涟
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